Effect of BF839 + earthworm protein supplement on motor and some non-motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease: a randomized clinical trial

Research has shown that probiotics may help treat Parkinson's disease (PD), while earthworm protein has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for the same purpose. This study aimed to assess the safety and effectiveness of a combination of a specific probiotic, Bacteroides fragilis 839 (BF839), and earthworm protein as a supplementary treatment for PD. The researchers also wanted to examine how this combination affects the gut microbiota. Study Methods Forty-six individuals with Parkinson's disease participated in a 12-week clinical trial. This trial was designed as a 1:1 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Participants were divided into two groups: one received the probiotic and earthworm protein supplement, while the other received a placebo. The researchers measured changes in motor symptoms and some non-motor symptoms, as well as any changes in the gut bacteria of the participants. Study Results Over the 12 weeks, those who received the probiotic and earthworm protein showed significant improvements compared to the placebo group. Key findings included: Motor Symptoms: The total score on the United Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) decreased by an average of 7.74 points in the treatment group, while the placebo group saw only a 1.83-point decrease. Non-Motor Symptoms: Participants also reported improvements in depression, anxiety, and constipation. For example, depression scores dropped by an average of 3.91 points in the treatment group, compared to a 1.15-point increase in the placebo group. Two mild side effects were reported: one patient experienced mild eczema, and another had low blood pressure, but it was unclear if these were directly caused by the treatment. Additionally, the probiotic group showed a notable increase in beneficial bacteria (Enterococcus faecium) and a decrease in harmful bacteria (Klebsiella). Conclusion This study is the first to suggest that a combination of probiotics and earthworm protein can significantly improve both motor and some non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease without serious side effects. However, more research is needed to confirm these findings and to better understand how this treatment works.